# dpkg-reconfigure locales

for f in *; do mv “$f” `echo $f | tr ‘ ‘ ‘_’`; done

Dell CERC SATA 1.5/6ch RAID Controller

Windows 2003 / MS SQL 2005 / Accpac ERP

1. Upgrade system BIOS, raid controller firmware on windows 2003

2. Attach a new hard disk and configure raid 0, virtual drive #1

3. Move all data on current D drive to new attached drive

4. Back up C partition as a image: Clonezilla

5. Reconfigure hard disk 1 & 2 as raid 1, virtual drive #0

6. Restore backed up C drive image to new reconfigured virtual drive #0

- CPU, Memory Monitoring
top
free

- Disk I/O Monitoring
iostat(sysstat)

#pvscan
PV /dev/sdb1 VG server-roma lvm2 [136.49 GB / 0 free]
Total: 1 [136.49 GB] / in use: 1 [136.49 GB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ]

#vgscan
Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while…
Found volume group “server-roma” using metadata type lvm2

#vgchange -a y
2 logical volume(s) in volume group “server-roma” now active

#lvscan
ACTIVE ‘/dev/server-roma/root’ [130.91 GB] inherit
ACTIVE ‘/dev/server-roma/swap_1′ [5.58 GB] inherit

#mount /dev/server-roma/root /mnt

/boot/grub/menu.lst

title           Ubuntu 9.04, kernel 2.6.28-15-server
uuid            18173536-b479-4e5f-80f6-a363503b55e1
kernel          /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.28-15-server root=UUID=18173536-b479-4e5f-80f6-a363503b55e1 ro quiet splash
initrd          /boot/initrd.img-2.6.28-15-server
quiet

title           Ubuntu 9.04, kernel 2.6.28-15-server (recovery mode)
uuid            18173536-b479-4e5f-80f6-a363503b55e1
kernel          /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.28-15-server root=UUID=18173536-b479-4e5f-80f6-a363503b55e1 ro  single
initrd          /boot/initrd.img-2.6.28-15-server

title           Ubuntu 9.04, memtest86+
uuid            18173536-b479-4e5f-80f6-a363503b55e1
kernel          /boot/memtest86+.bin
quiet

>> Backup script for Linux using tar and find

Disk /dev/sda: 40.0 GB, 40020664320 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4865 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x9dc96e9e

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 4689 37664361 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 4690 4865 1413720 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 4690 4865 1413688+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris

Disk /dev/sdb: 120.0 GB, 120034123776 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 14593 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00a080f4

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 14 14471 116133885 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 14472 14593 979965 82 Linux swap / Solaris

root@server-tribeca:/etc# fdisk /dev/sdb

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 14593.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4): 1

Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4): 2

Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 3

Command (m for help): d
No partition is defined yet!

Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-14593, default 1): 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-14593, default 14593):
Using default value 14593

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

root@server-tribeca:/etc# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.40.8 (13-Mar-2008)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
7331840 inodes, 29304560 blocks
1465228 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=0
895 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872

Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 22 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

root@server-tribeca:/etc# ls /dev/disk/by-uuid -alh
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2008-05-07 17:58 753a86d9-6228-4725-a9ae-6f457c2b1824 -> ../../sdb1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2008-05-07 17:58 dbd44197-c1c5-427d-9a34-40f652b92f42 -> ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2008-05-07 17:58 e15f5c2c-fc1f-414d-8c67-99c567f44d6a -> ../../sda5

root@server-tribeca:/etc# mkdir /disk1

root@server-tribeca:/etc# vi /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
# /dev/sda1
UUID=dbd44197-c1c5-427d-9a34-40f652b92f42 / ext3 relatime,errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /dev/sda5
UUID=e15f5c2c-fc1f-414d-8c67-99c567f44d6a none swap sw 0 0
/dev/scd0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto,exec,utf8 0 0
/dev/fd0 /media/floppy0 auto rw,user,noauto,exec,utf8 0 0
UUID=753a86d9-6228-4725-a9ae-6f457c2b1824 /disk1 ext3 defaults,errors=remount-ro 0 1

dpkg-reconfigure tzdata

Time Synchronisation with NTP

as root, create a file /etc/cron.daily/ntpdate containing:
ntpdate ntp.ubuntu.com
The file /etc/cron.daily/ntpdate must also be executable
sudo chmod 755 /etc/cron.daily/ntpdate

Instead of this dummy ftpuser account setting when they want to create real linux account.
they may get this error “Home directory not available – abort” even if they set CreateHomeDir to yes.

Solution:
the last existing in the home path should be own by root.
for example, we want to create somebody’s home directory when he log in, /home/ftpuser/somebody
then the last existing directory ‘ftpuer’ may look like this,
drwxr-xr-x 2 root ftpgroup 4096 2008-04-15 11:20 ftpuser

[pure-ftpd] CreateHomeDir problem (“[ERROR] Home directory not available – aborting”)
Virtual Hosting With PureFTPd And MySQL (Incl. Quota And Bandwidth Management) On Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon)